Diseases are considered major constraints in rice production. Rice diseases are mainly caused by fungi, bacteria or viruses. Stunting is one of the symptoms, others are; color changes, wilting or abnormal development of certain organs. These symptoms can be found in all the organs of the plant.
Classification of rice diseases in western Africa
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Category |
Disease name |
Pathogen |
|
|
Major pathogens |
|
Scientific name |
Nature |
|
Magnaporthe grisae Pyricularia oryzae |
Fungus Fungus |
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|
R Y M V |
Virus |
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|
Xanthomomas oryzaeorysae |
Bacterium |
||
|
Secondary pathogens |
Brown spots |
Drechsiera oryzae Bipolaris oryzae |
Fungus Fungus |
|
Leaf blast |
Gerlachia oryzae Monographella albescens |
Fungus Fungus |
|
|
Sheath blight |
Rhizoctonia solani Thanatephorus cucumeris |
Sterile fungus Fungus |
|
|
Minor pathogens |
False smut |
Ustilaginoidea virens c. oryza sativa |
Fungus Fungus |
|
Gigantism |
Fusarium moniliforme Gibberalla fujikuroi |
Fungus Fungus |
|
|
Cercosporiosis |
Cercospora oryzae |
Fungus |
|
|
Sheath rot |
Acrocylindrium oryzae |
Fungus |
|
|
White gall |
Corallocytostroma oryzae |
Fungus |
|
|
Fading color of sheaths |
Fungi complex |
Fungus |
|
|
Culm disease |
Fungi complex |
Fungus |
|
|
Bacterial stripes |
Xanthomonas oryzae |
Bacterium |
|
Extract from PLAR-IRM Curriculum: Technical Manual (Wopereis et al., 2009)