Threshing
This is the operation that separates the grain from the panicle without damaging it. It can be done by hand or mechnically. Mostly in small farms, hand-threshing is usually done with a flail or on an empty barrel. It is hard work and requires a lot of labor.
![](http://www.ricehub.org/images/innovations/post-harvest/threshing/images/manual%20threshing%20woman%20low%20res%20copy.jpg)
Mechanical threshing is done with fixed threshers (Borga, Votex, ASI). It is much faster and indispensable in intensive rice cropping. The selection of equipment depend on farmers' socio-economic condition, production systems and after-sales services.
![](http://www.ricehub.org/images/innovations/post-harvest/threshing/images/ASI%20Thresher%20in%20field.jpg)